1. Ukwahluka koshishino lokupakisha lweplastiki
Ukuguqula imbali yeengxowa zeplastiki, siya kufumanisa ukuba ukupakishwa kweplastiki kunembali engaphezu kweminyaka eyi-100.Ngoku kwinkulungwane yama-21, isayensi kunye netekhnoloji ziyaqhubeka zikhula, izinto ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe obutsha buyaqhubeka nokuvela, i-polyethylene, iphepha, ifoyile ye-aluminium, iiplastiki ezahlukeneyo, izinto ezidibeneyo kunye nezinye izinto zokupakisha zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi, ukupakishwa kwe-aseptic, ukupakishwa kwe-shockproof, anti- ukupakishwa okungaguqukiyo, ukupakisha okuchasene nabantwana, ukupakishwa okudityanisiweyo, ukupakishwa okuhlanganisiweyo, ukupakishwa kwezonyango kunye nezinye itekhnoloji ziya zikhula ngakumbi nangakumbi, kwaye kuye kwavela iifom ezintsha zokupakisha kunye nezinto ezinje ngeengxowa zokumisa zeplastiki, eziye zomeleza imisebenzi yokupakisha. iindlela ezininzi.
2. Imiba yokhuseleko lwezixhobo zeplastiki
Ngaphambili, iingxowa zokupakisha zeplastiki zineeplastiki kunye ne-bisphenol A (BPA), eziyingozi kwimpilo yabantu, kwaye iindaba ezinjalo zavela rhoqo.Ke ngoko, inkolelo yabantu yokupakishwa kweplastiki “yityhefu kwaye ayinampilo”.Ukongezelela, abanye abathengisi abanganyanisekanga basebenzisa izinto ezingahambelani neemfuno ukwenzela ukunciphisa iindleko, eziqinisa umfanekiso ombi wezinto zeplastiki.Ngenxa yezi ziphumo ezimbi, abantu banomlinganiselo othile wokuchasana nokupakishwa kweplastiki, kodwa enyanisweni, iiplastiki ezisetyenziselwa ukupakishwa kokutya zineseti epheleleyo ye-EU kunye nemimiselo yesizwe, kwaye izinto ezisetyenziswa ngamashishini kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno zale mimiselo. , kubandakanywa kukho imigaqo engqongqo ye-EU kunye nemigaqo eneenkcukacha ezininzi ze-REACH kwizinto zeplastiki ezidibana nokutya.
I-British Plastics Federation BPF ibonise ukuba ukupakishwa kweplastiki yangoku akukhuselekanga kuphela, kodwa kwenza igalelo elibalulekileyo kwimpilo yoluntu kunye nenkqubela phambili yoluntu.
3. I-biopolymers ezonakaliswayo ziba yinto entsha yokukhetha izinto zokupakisha
Ukuvela kwezinto eziguquguqukayo ze-biodegradable kwenza izinto zokupakisha zibe yinto entsha.Uzinzo lokutya, ukhuseleko kunye nomgangatho wokupakishwa kwezinto ze-biopolymer ziye zavavanywa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye zaqinisekiswa, nto leyo ebonakalise ngokupheleleyo ukuba iingxowa zokupakisha ze-biodegradable zezona zipakishwe zokutya ezigqibeleleyo kwihlabathi.
Okwangoku, iipolymers ze-biodegradable zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amabini: ezendalo kunye nezokwenziwa.Iipolymers zendalo ezonakaliswayo ziquka isitashi, i-cellulose, i-polysaccharides, i-chitin, i-chitosan kunye ne-derivatives yazo, njl.;iipholima zokwenziwa ezonakeleyo zohlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini: i-artificial kunye ne-bacterial synthesis.Iipolymers ezonakaliswayo ezidityaniswe ziibhaktheriya ziquka i-poly Hydroxyalkyl alcohol esters (PHAs), i-poly(malate), iipolymers zokwenziwa ezinokonakala eziquka i-polyhydroxyesters, i-polycaprolactone (PCL), i-polycyanoacrylate (i-PACA), njl.
Namhlanje, ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kobomi bezinto eziphathekayo, abantu bahlawula ingqalelo ngakumbi nangakumbi ekupakishweni kweemveliso, kwaye ukhuseleko kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo kokupakisha kuye kwacaca ngakumbi kwiinjongo ezicacileyo.Ke ngoko, indlela yokuqalisa ukupakisha okuluhlaza okuhambelana nokusingqongileyo kunye nokungangcolisekiyo kuye kwaba sisihloko esitsha iinkampani zokupakisha kwilizwe lam sele ziqalisile ukugxila kuyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-03-2023